RECONSTRUCTING ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN THE DIGITAL ERA: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND FATWA-BASED MARITAL DECISION SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59623/t3pq4x04Keywords:
Islamic Family Law, Digital Era, Marital Decision SystemsAbstract
The intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and Islamic family law presents one of the most consequential jurisprudential debates of the contemporary era. As digital platforms increasingly mediate religious consultation including matters of marriage, divorce, custody, and inheritance questions emerge about the legitimacy, reliability, and ethical boundaries of AI-generated fatwa systems. This article investigates the theoretical and practical dimensions of deploying AI in Islamic family law consultation, with particular attention to fatwa-based marital decision systems. Drawing on a systematic literature review of 40 peer-reviewed sources spanning Islamic jurisprudence, legal technology, and digital ethics, the study develops a conceptual framework for evaluating AI's role within the maqasid al-shari'ah tradition. The findings reveal significant opportunities in terms of accessibility and consistency of legal guidance, yet also expose deep structural tensions surrounding the displacement of human scholarly authority (ijtihad), the algorithmic encoding of gender-sensitive rulings, and the absence of regulatory frameworks governing AI fatwa platforms. The article proposes a tripartite governance model comprising scholarly oversight, algorithmic transparency, and user rights protections as a foundation for responsible AI integration in Islamic family law. This study contributes to the nascent field of Digital Islamic Law Studies and carries implications for legal technology governance across Muslim-majority jurisdictions.
References
Abdulrahman, M. M., & Abdul Hafiz Musa Walusimbi. (2024). Examining the Role of Artificial Intelligence (GPT-3.5) in Issuing Fatwas for Islamic Family Cases: A Comparative Analysis. Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 9(2), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.26475/jcil.2024.9.2.04
Abubakar, F., Saadah, M., & Na’mah, U. (2023). The Transformation of the Dilemma of Role Exchange in the Household: Analyzed Gender in Family Resilience Discourse in National Law and Islamic Law. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah. https://doi.org/10.30984/jis.v21i1.1864
Alamsyah, M. F., Yayuli, & Remanda, A. (2025). Ethics of the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Paradigm of Islamic Law. Solo International Collaboration and Publication of Social Sciences and Humanities. https://doi.org/10.61455/sicopus.v4i01.393
Albara, B. A., & Ilmi, M. B. (2025). Transformation of Digital Masculinity and Its Implications for Women’s Rights in Divorce under Islamic Law. Hakamain: Journal of Sharia and Law Studies. https://doi.org/10.57255/hakamain.v4i1.1349
Ansori, A., & Juliansyahzen, M. I. (2022). The Contestation of the Family Law Discourse in the Digital Age: Islam, State, and Gender. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.9128
Aslati, Agustar, A., Silawati, Arisman, & Arafah, S. (2024). Utilizing Science and Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah in Resolving Contemporary Issues of Islamic Family Law. Al-Manāhij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 18(1), 17–36.
Bukhari, B., Bastiar, B., & Anwar, A. (2024). Challenges of Parenting in the Digital Era: A Review from the Perspective of Islamic Family Law. Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Perundang-Undangan. https://doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v11i2.9549
Delia, S. A., Bahar, M., & Elfia. (2025). Implikasi Media Sosial dalam Ketahanan Rumah Tangga: Tinjauan Putusan Cerai Talak No. 0064/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Adl. USRAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam. https://doi.org/10.46773/usrah.v6i1.1522
Elmahjub, E. (2023). Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic Ethics: Towards Pluralist Ethical Benchmarking for AI. Philosophy & Technology, 36, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-023-00668-x
Fakhyadi, D., Samsudin, M. A., Dasrianto, V., Danil, M., & Wahyudi, A. A. (2025). Reconstructing Gender Relations for Family Resilience in Minangkabau: Integrating Islamic Law and Customary Law. Al-Ahkam. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2025.35.1.22906
Hidayah, O. N., Zain, M. F., & Ma’rifah, A. (2024). Reconstruction of Islamic Family Law: Analyzing Marital Issues Through Multimedia. Interdisciplinary Journal of Social Science and Education (IJSSE). https://doi.org/10.53639/ijsse.v2i1.14
Kausar, S., Leghari, A. R., & Salam, A. (2024). Analysis of the Islamic Law and its Compatibility with Artificial Intelligence as a Emerging Challenge of the Modern World. Annals of Human and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.35484/ahss.2024(5-i)10
Lestari, P. A. (2024). Gender Equity in Islamic Marriage and Divorce: A Narrative Review. Sinergi International Journal of Islamic Studies. https://doi.org/10.61194/ijis.v2i4.611
Malik, R., Malik, A., & Mustika, M. (2024). Artificial Intelligence and Islamic Law: Ethical Implications and Fiqh Fatwas in the Digital Age. Journal of Family Law and Islamic Court. https://doi.org/10.26618/jflic.v3i2.16546
Mappasessu, M. (2024). The Role of Digital Technology and AI in Evolving Practices of Islamic Family Law. Proceeding of the International Conference on Law and Human Rights. https://doi.org/10.62383/iclehr.v1i2.31
Munshi, A., Alsabban, W., Farag, A., Rakha, O., Sallab, A. Al, & Alotaibi, M. (2022). Automated Islamic Jurisprudential Legal Opinions Generation Using Artificial Intelligence. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.2.16
Musarrofa, I., Muttaqin, H., & Amaliyah, R. (2024). The Problems of Islamic Family Law in the Digital Era and Its Relevance to Renewal of the Compilation of Islamic Law. Jurnal Hukum Islam. https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi_v22i1_4
Nafi, K. F. N., Nisa, K., & Rohman, A. T. (2024). Digitalization in Islamic Family Law: an Opportunity or a Threat? International Journal of Religion and Social Community. https://doi.org/10.30762/ijoresco.v2i2.3498
Najichah, N. (2022). Reconstruction of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia Through Constitutional Court Decisions. Walisongo Law Review (Walrev). https://doi.org/10.21580/walrev.2022.4.2.13407
Nasohah, Z. (2024). Dynamics of Islamic Family Law in Facing Current Challenges in Southeast Asia. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i1.16553
Rahim, S. F. A., Rahman, M. F. A., Thaidi, H. A. A., Azimi, N. N. M. A. N. M., & Jailani, M. (2025). Artificial Intelligence for Fatwa Issuance: Guidelines And Ethical Considerations. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research. https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol30no1.654
Sati, A., Halim, A., Nasution, A. H., & Ridwan, M. (2025). The Digital Transformation of Tafsir and Its Implications for Islamic Legal Derivation in the Contemporary Era. MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10425
Suryantoro, D. (2025). PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KELUARGA DI ERA MODERN PERSEPKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM. USRAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam. https://doi.org/10.46773/usrah.v6i1.1688
Ulfazah, Y., Hafis, M., Elmiati, N., & Zakariah, A. A. (2025). THE DYNAMICS OF ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN THE MODERN ERA: AN ANALYSIS OF TAGHAYYUR AL-FATWĀ AND AL-MUḤĀFAẒAH IN THE CHANGING MARRIAGE AGREEMENT PROVISIONS IN INDONESIA. Al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum (JSYH). https://doi.org/10.20885/mawarid.vol7.iss1.art5
Usmonov, M. (2025). From Human Scholars to AI Fatwas: Media, Ethics, and the Limits of AI in Islamic Religious Communication. Al-i’lam - Journal of Contemporary Islamic Communication and Media. https://doi.org/10.33102/jcicom.vol5no1.125
Zafar, A. (2024). Balancing the scale: navigating ethical and practical challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in legal practices. Discover Artificial Intelligence, 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-024-00121-8
Zakaria, M. F., Zubair, Z., & Umar, I. S. (2025). Fatwa Institutions and Digital Family Law: Online Marriage and Divorce in Indonesia (NU, Muhammadiyah, and MUI). Mauriduna : Journal of Islamic Studies. https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v6i3.28
Zayyadi, A., Ridwan, Hidayat, A., Ubaidillah, & Masuwd, M. A. (2023). Understanding of Legal Reform on Sociology of Islamic Law: Its Relevance to Islamic Family Law in Indonesia. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 17(2), 249–262. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v17i2.7584
Zuhriah, E., Rahmawati, E., Aprilyanti, M., Chaidaroh, U., & Ch, M. (2023). Childfree, the Digital Era, and Islamic Law: Views of Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and Gender Activists in Malang, Indonesia. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.17753
Zulbaidah, Z., Yuniardi, H., Januri, J., Najmudin, N., & Cason, C. (2025). “From Traditional 'Urf to Digital 'Urf: Accommodating the Values of the Young Generation on Husband-Wife Relations in the Framework of Ushūl al-Fiqh”. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v10i2.14630
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Encep, Chairul Lutfi, Faiz Adzkia Arsyad, Della Runi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal adhere to the best practice and high publishing standards and comply with the following conditions:
- Provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge;
- Allows the author to hold the copyright and to retain publishing right without restrictions;
- Deposits content with a long term digital preservation or archiving program;
- Uses DOIs as permanent identifiers;
- Embeds machine-readable CC licensing information in articles;
- Allows generous reuse and mixing of content, in accordance with CC BY-SA 4.0 license;
- Can provide article level metadata for any indexers and aggregators
